Selling for $1,750, the Micral never penetrated the U.S. market. The PowerBook line of computers was discontinued in 2006. Which software tool would be helpful for preparing a newsletter? Onyx Systems began selling early microcomputer-based Unix workstations in 1980. Its price was $2,500. Replacing their Archimedes computer, the RISC PC from UK's Acorn Computers uses the ARMv3 RISC microprocessor. Scelbi aimed the 8H, available both in kit form and fully assembled, at scientific, electronic, and biological applications. Apple launches the iPhone - a combination of web browser, music player and cell phone - which could download new functionality in the form of "apps" (applications) from the online Apple store. Intended to be a less expensive alternative to the PET, the VIC-20 was highly successful, becoming the first computer to sell more than a million units. The electronic circuits (registers) of the arithmetic- logic unit perform both the arithmetic and logic functions needed for the software instructions to be executed. Acorn's ARM RISC microprocessor is first used in the company's Archimedes computer system. Arduino soon became the main computer platform of the worldwide Maker movement. The roots of the companys name came from the acronym for Stanford University Network (SUN). Their first product, the HP 200A Audio Oscillator, rapidly became a popular piece of test equipment for engineers. What set the 486 apart was its optimized instruction set, with an on-chip unified instruction and data cache and an optional on-chip floating-point unit. Lisa is the first commercial personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI). It was developed as a versatile instrument controller for HP's growing family of programmable test and measurement products. workstations. In 1983 Zojirushi introduced a rice cooker that was among the first consumer-oriented products to rely on fuzzy logic. The device was considered the earliest non-kit personal computer. The PROMs What made the Sacramento State computer both so unique--and so expensive--was the programmable read-only memory on its motherboard. Apollo was a leading innovator in the workstation field for more than a decade, and was acquired by Hewlett-Packard in 1989. Curt Herzstark was an Austrian engineer who worked in his familys manufacturing business until he was arrested by the Nazis in 1943. IBM released a new operating system, OS/2, at the same time, allowing the use of a mouse with IBM PCs for the first time. Commodore releases the VIC-20 home computer as the successor to the Commodore PET personal computer. Physicist Stan Frankel, intrigued by small, general-purpose computers, developed the MINAC at Caltech. The Librascope division of defense contractor General Precision buys Frankels design, renaming it the LGP-30 in 1956. The line was discontinued less than two years later. One biblical scholar even used a Univac 1 to compile a concordance to the King James version of the Bible. Sun Microsystems grows out of this prototype. The first stored-program computer to be built in continental Europe was the MESM, completed in the Soviet Union in 1950. For research, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) supplied the components, and 50 original LINCs were made. The inside of the Amiga case is engraved with the signatures of the Amiga designers, including Jay Miner as well as the paw print of his dog Mitchy. The trio soon attracted UC Berkeley UNIX guru Bill Joy, who led software development. Wi-Fi The Commodore 64 was one of the most popular microcomputers of its era, and is the best-selling model of home computers of all time. EE3463 Test 1 Written S15.docx - Name_Banner ID_ Page 1 of While it did not sell well, the operating system, Be OS, retained a loyal following even after Be stopped producing hardware in 1997 after less than 2,000 machines were produced. Weighing 24 pounds and costing $1,795, the Osborne 1 is the first mass-produced portable computer. Microcomputer Applications - Quiz 1 Flashcards The line was discontinued in 2014. It developed a very loyal following while add-on components allowed it to be upgraded easily. In October 2013, the one millionth Raspberry Pi was shipped. Until recently, good microcomputer software for multimedia presentations was not available, but was much in demand by businesses. Atlas was the fastest computer in the world at the time and introduced the concept of virtual memory, that is, using a disk or drum as an extension of main memory. The MOS 6502 was introduced at a conference in San Francisco at a cost of $25, far less than comparable processors from Intel and Motorola, leading some attendees to believe that the company was perpetrating a hoax. To protect it from earthquakes, the building housing it was built using a seismic isolation system that used rubber supports. The first digital computer that could operate in real-time came out of Project Whirlwind, a initiative during World War II in which MIT worked with the U.S. Navy to develop a universal flight simulator. There are many stand-alone utility programs available as an alternative to the operating system'sutility programs. While imprisoned at Buchenwald concentration camp for the rest of World War II, he refines his pre-war design of a calculator featuring a modified version of Leibnizs stepped drum design. The boss wants it to have a complex user interface with a time display, touch panel buttons and accurate timing for the toast cycle. Bill Gates and Paul Allen licensed their BASIC programming language interpreter to MITS as the main language for the Altair. A joint project of Englands Manchester University, Ferranti Computers, and Plessey, Atlas comes online nine years after Manchesters computer lab begins exploring transistor technology. Some of its other innovations were the inclusion of a magneto-optical (MO) disk drive, a digital signal processor and the NeXTSTEP programming environment (later released as OPENSTEP). Only one month later, another one million Raspberry Pis were delivered. MADDIDA was flown across the country for a demonstration to John von Neumann, who was impressed. True/False B. It also included more memory and accommodated high-density 1.2-megabyte 5 1/4-inch floppy disks. An offshoot of the POWER XCell8i chip was used as the main processor in the Sony PlayStation 3 game console. The Univac 1 is the first commercial computer to attract widespread public attention. Spreadsheet false. Manipulate the data according to specific rules (process) 3. The Macintosh Portable was heavy, weighing sixteen pounds, and expensive (US$6,500). It interfaced with a wide number of standard laboratory instruments, allowing customers to computerize their instrument systems. The original design included two memory boards and could generate and store 512 characters as 16 lines of 32 characters. Franklin was able to undercut Apple's pricing even while offering some features not available on the original. Colligan, Dubinsky, Hawkins (left to right). A commercial version of Alan Turing's Pilot ACE, called DEUCEthe Digital Electronic Universal Computing Engine -- is used mostly for science and engineering problems and a few commercial applications. Types of Software used in Business - MBA Knowledge Base OPENSTEP was used as one of the foundations for the new Mac OS operating system soon after NeXT was acquired by Apple in 1996. Software It could also share files and print out documents on an advanced Xerox laser printer. _____ account allows changes that affect other users, changes to security settings, installation of software and hardware, and access to all files on the computer. The Programma 101 could do addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as calculate square roots. Linux, NetWare, UNIX, Windows. Created by Presper Eckert and John Mauchly -- designers of the earlier ENIAC computer -- the Univac 1 used 5,200 vacuum tubes and weighed 29,000 pounds. The Treo sold well, and the line continued until Handspring was purchased by Palm in 2003. assist teachers in preparing student IEPs. It was also repeatedly expanded and improved throughout its 13-year lifespan. These microcomputers were often sold as "DIY" kits or pre-built machines in relatively small numbers in the mid-1970s.These systems were primarily used for teaching the use of microprocessors and supporting peripheral devices, and unlike home computers were rarely used with pre-written application software. Subject. Microcomputer | Definition, Examples, Uses, & Facts | Britannica While Sun workstations didn't utilize commodity PC hardware like Linux was later developed for, it represented the . (C) The Regent Corporation's microcomputer can be used in conjunction with higher-priced microcomputers manufactured by other companies. most important part of computer. The first microcomputers (images) - CNET On April 7, IBM announced five models of System/360, spanning a 50-to-1 performance range. Leaving Palm Inc., Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins found Handspring. Although manufactured by Remington Rand, the machine was often mistakenly referred to as the IBM Univac." Until the year 2000, it was the world's fastest supercomputer, able to achieve peak performance of 1.3 teraflops, (about 1.3 trillion calculations per second). It was used to model the decay of the US nuclear arsenal, analyze financial data, and render 3D medical images in real-time. Developed by the Japanese government to create global climate models, the Earth Simulator is a massively parallel, vector-based system that costs nearly 60 billion yen (roughly $600 million at the time). In 1975, Scelbi introduced the 8B version with 16 KB of memory for the business market. The machines existence was not made public until the 1970s. MADDIDA (Magnetic Drum Digital Differential Analyzer) prototype. and taking up a volume of less than 1 cubic foot. Each Cray-1 took a full year to assemble and test and cost about $10 million. ENIAC used panel-to-panel wiring and switches for programming, occupied more than 1,000 square feet, used about 18,000 vacuum tubes and weighed 30 tons. During three years of production, IBM sells 19 701s to research laboratories, aircraft companies, and the federal government. Used for science and engineering as well as simple data processing, the LGP-30 was a bargain at less than $50,000 and an early example of a personal computer, that is, a computer made for a single user. Solved Until recently, good microcomputer software for - Chegg An electronic machine operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can: 1. Apples inspiration for the Lisa and Macintosh computers came from the Xerox Alto. At MIT, researchers begin experimenting with direct keyboard input to computers, a precursor to todays normal mode of operation. What is a key technological infrastructure resource for online teaching? Named in honor of the space shuttle which broke-up on re-entry, the Columbia supercomputer is an important part of NASA's return to manned spaceflight after the 2003 disaster. They did. Motes are also known as smart dust, since the intention is that their tiny size and low cost make them inexpensive enough to sprinkle in the real world to as sensors. The first of David Hilbert's 23 unsolved problems presented at the Paris conference of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900 involved the Continuum Hypothesis. The first IBM system to include Intels 80386 chip, the company ships more than 1 million units by the end of the first year. The word "computer" was first used in 1613 in the book The Yong Mans Gleanings by Richard Braithwaite and originally described a human who performed calculations or computations. Microcomputer was formerly a commonly used term for personal computers, particularly any of a class of small digital computers whose CPU is contained on a single integrated semiconductor chip. Acorn spun off ARM as its own company to license microprocessor designs, which in turn has transformed mobile computing with ARMs low power, high-performance processors and systems-on-chip (SoC). The typical PDP-1 computer system, which sells for about $120,000, includes a cathode ray tube graphic display, paper tape input/output, needs no air conditioning and requires only one operator; all of which become standards for minicomputers. Computers | Timeline of Computer History | Computer History Museum Which of the following has research shown to be a benefit of online learning? The Apple Mac computer running the Mac OS System 1 was the first commercially available computer with a graphical user interface. Daniel Hillis of Thinking Machines Corporation moves artificial intelligence a step forward when he develops the controversial concept of massive parallelism in the Connection Machine CM-1. The legal result was a landmark: Atanasoff was declared the originator of several basic computer ideas, but the computer as a concept was declared un-patentable and thus freely open to all. Later, Sun Microsystems, founded as a spin-off of a student project at Stanford University, also began selling Unix-based desktop workstations in 1982. Palm could be connected to a PC or Mac using a serial port to synchronize sync both computer and Palm. Dropout rates are higher in online courses. Colossus reduced the time to break Lorenz messages from weeks to hours. That same year in Germany, engineer Konrad Zuse built his Z2 computer, also using telephone company relays. Online retailer Amazon released the Kindle, one of the first to gain a large following among consumers. Chapter 4 Flashcards | Quizlet CS 130.132 - Microcomputer Software The TI99/4 had a wide variety of expansion boards, with an especially popular speech synthesis system that could also be used with TI's Speak & Spell educational game. Instruction for which all students "meet" with the instructor by video at a designated time of day would be an example of this kind of distance course. Running on dual IBM 7090 mainframe computer systems, SABRE was inspired by IBMs earlier work on the SAGE air-defense system. The ASCI Red, based on the design of the Intel Paragon, was built by IBM and delivered to Sandia National Laboratories. The Nest allowed for remote access to a users homes thermostat by using a smartphone or tablet and could also send monthly power consumption reports to help save on energy bills. The kit was the cover story of hobbyist magazine Radio-Electronics in July 1974 six months before the MITS Altair 8800 was in rival Popular Electronics magazine. spreadsheet What is the function of an IEP generator? Designed by Sunnyvale, California native Steve Wozniak, and marketed by his friend Steve Jobs, the Apple-1 is a single-board computer for hobbyists. It used 53 vacuum tubes and hundreds of germanium diodes, with a magnetic drum for memory. Thousands of software titles were released over the lifespan of the C64 and by the time it was discontinued in 1993, it had sold more than 22 million units. Constructed at MITs Lincoln Laboratory, the TX-0 moved to the MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics, where it hosted some early imaginative tests of programming, including writing a Western movie shown on television, 3-D tic-tac-toe, and a maze in which a mouse found martinis and became increasingly inebriated. That's not as trivial. ex..pentium, celeron, athlon. What is a distinguishing feature of instructional software? Twitter is an example of which web-based collaboration resource? While many early digital computers were based on similar designs, such as the IAS and its copies, others are unique designs, like the CSIRAC. The Altair had no keyboard and could not be connected to a television screen. A. What is the general term for software whose source code is made available for free and permits users to use, change, and improve it? The machines system of connections and switches let processors broadcast information and requests for help to other processors in a simulation of brain-like associative recall. ____ operating systems are typically used for a network platform. Friedl used the SCAMP prototype to gain approval within IBM to promote and develop IBMs 5100 family of computers, including the most successful, the 5150, also known as the IBM Personal Computer (PC), introduced in 1981. The Baby was built to test a new memory technology developed by Williams and Kilburn -- soon known as the Williams Tube which was the first high-speed electronic random access memory for computers. Survey of Operating Systems Chapter #1 Flashcards | Quizlet Modeled after the Cambridge University EDSAC computer, the president of Lyons Tea Co. has the LEO built to solve the problem of production scheduling and delivery of cakes to the hundreds of Lyons tea shops around England. For its January issue, hobbyist magazine Popular Electronics runs a cover story of a new computer kit the Altair 8800. Three types of the M3 were available two types that measured either temperature or pressure and one that could take images. The J-Phone line would quickly expand, releasing a flip-phone version just a month later. Which of the following is an online course characteristic that supports success? The 1973 Wang 2200 makes it a successful computer company, too. This keyboard design was dubbed the Butterfly. The need for such a design was lessened as laptop screens grew wider. The Model 650 was also highly popular in universities, where a generation of students first learned programming. Oddly, the company doesn't use the term in its marketing, preferring instead to refer to the microcomputer (which it calls a "Micom") that implements the fuzzy logic.
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